Jatropa gossypiifolia
Family: Euphorbiacea
Description: This is a much‑branched, somewhat succulent shrub. Typically, 2–3 m but can reach 4 m in favorable conditions. Stems are erect, woody‑succulent, sparsely to densely branched, glandular when young. Leaves are alternately arranged, 3–5‑lobed, 4–18 cm long; purplish when young, green when mature; margins often serrulate or glandular. Small, bell‑shaped flowers with dark red with yellow centers, in terminal/subterminal clusters.
Field Identification: This plant is recognized as a patio or nature garden plant purchased from nurseries.
Plant Trivia: Root contains jatrophine (alkaloid); viscid sap and fruits are poisonous. Ingestion can cause gastro‑enteritis; in animals, may be fatal.
Occurrence: Native to parts of South America (Paraguay, Brazil, Ecuador, Colombia, Venezuela, Guyanas), Central America (Costa Rica to Mexico), and the Caribbean. Savannah woodland, riparian areas, monsoon vine forests and coastal foreshores, also as a weed of degraded pastures.
Bloom Period: Spring
Plant Use: Used in Africa, Asia, and Latin America for various ailments; reported antihypertensive, anti‑inflammatory, analgesic, antipyretic, antimicrobial, and other activities. Historically noted for biodiesel potential, as a pesticide, vermifuge, and in religious rituals. Ornamental.
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